Sunday, April 30, 2006
Drama update...
Well, Gokusen 2 is slowly but surely being released by those nice folks over at SARS fansubs. In the meantime, I've been watching 'Kisaraze Cats Eyes' - a bizarre drama. Simply put, it's about a guy who finds out he's dying of cancer and has 6 months to live. Determined to make his last days count, he does what any well-adjusted person would do and, along with his hapless friends, he steals his baseball coach's Cadillac! One thing leads to another before they know it the Kisaraze Cats Eyes gang is born and soon they are planning ever more elaborate scams. After all, just how much can you steal in only 6 months?
Yes, it a comedy, Japanese-style.
Check out www.sars-fansubs.com for more drama.
Yes, it a comedy, Japanese-style.
Check out www.sars-fansubs.com for more drama.
Before...
The great thing about revision is that I occasionally come across a grammatical point that I actually remember! Today we will cover one of those rare beasts!
In English, the structure of a 'before' sentence is very straightforward. Here's an example:
1. Before I go to work I shall go to the post office.
2. I shall go to the post office before going to work.
Two ways to phrase the same sentence? Oh yes, for once English is more complex than Japanese where there is only one way to structure a 'before' sentence. And that is:
Before [clause A], [clause B]
This implies that the statement in clause B occurred before clause A.
As long as you can re-write your sentence into this format, then you can express it in Japanese.
So, in our two examples above, sentence 1 is already in the right format. Let's 訳す!
English: Before I go to work I shall go to the post office.
Jenglish: [work][go][before][post office][go]
日本語： 会社に行く前に郵便局に行くつもりです。
Notice how I craftily snuck a つもりです in there. Why? Well, because I am expressing an intent to do something. Dead impressed with myself on that one!
English: Before dinner wash your hands!
Jenglish: [dinner][before][hands][wash+polite request]
日本語： 晩ご飯の前に手を洗ってなさい。
This is a good example sentence. Notice how the 'before' action is simply a noun? In this case, I've used の前に instead of just 前に. Also, as this sentence carries an implication of being told to do something, I've used ーてなさい.
English: Before the exam I must learn 200 new kanji.
Jenglish: [exam][before][new kanji][200][learn+must]
日本語： 試験の前に新しい漢字を２００字を習わなければいけません。
I'm happy with that. I actually know some Japanese!
またね。。。
In English, the structure of a 'before' sentence is very straightforward. Here's an example:
1. Before I go to work I shall go to the post office.
2. I shall go to the post office before going to work.
Two ways to phrase the same sentence? Oh yes, for once English is more complex than Japanese where there is only one way to structure a 'before' sentence. And that is:
Before [clause A], [clause B]
This implies that the statement in clause B occurred before clause A.
As long as you can re-write your sentence into this format, then you can express it in Japanese.
So, in our two examples above, sentence 1 is already in the right format. Let's 訳す!
English: Before I go to work I shall go to the post office.
Jenglish: [work][go][before][post office][go]
日本語： 会社に行く前に郵便局に行くつもりです。
Notice how I craftily snuck a つもりです in there. Why? Well, because I am expressing an intent to do something. Dead impressed with myself on that one!
English: Before dinner wash your hands!
Jenglish: [dinner][before][hands][wash+polite request]
日本語： 晩ご飯の前に手を洗ってなさい。
This is a good example sentence. Notice how the 'before' action is simply a noun? In this case, I've used の前に instead of just 前に. Also, as this sentence carries an implication of being told to do something, I've used ーてなさい.
English: Before the exam I must learn 200 new kanji.
Jenglish: [exam][before][new kanji][200][learn+must]
日本語： 試験の前に新しい漢字を２００字を習わなければいけません。
I'm happy with that. I actually know some Japanese!
またね。。。
Friday, April 28, 2006
Quoting Speech
Just as I started today's update, I said "Just how hard can quoting speech be?". As it turns out, it carries a PPT rating (Potentially Pete Tong - see below) of 5/10 - so not too bad. However, it is more complex than I thought and does require a bit of care before you go slapping a sentence together.
As we know, the Japanese verb for 'talk' is 言う. However, in order to ensure that there is no confusion as to the fact that you are quoting someone, we put the quoting particle と in front of this. Also, if you quote someone, what they said actually occurred in the past, so the whole thing becomes ーと言った. If only that were it...
However it's not. A lot more common is the use of ーと言っている and ーと言っていった. So I guess the big question is when do you use each of the three options?
A direct quote will look something like this:
[person being quoted] は 「quote」 と言っている。
While an indirect 'quoting sentence' will look something like this:
[person being quoted] は [quote (short form)] と言っている。
One thing to note is that in indirect quotes the quoted part should be in short form, so either base 1 (for negative tense), base 3 (for present) and base 7 (for past). Let's try it out...
English: She said that the film she saw last week was interesting.
Jenglish: [she][last week][saw][film][intersting][said]
日本語： 彼女は先週見た映画が面白かったと言っていました。
English: He says I will not pass the exam.
Jenglish: [he][I][exam][not pass][said]
日本語： 彼は私が試験を合格しないと言っています。
English: When I was a child, my mother told me not to speak to strangers.
Jenglish: [child][when][mother][strangers][not speak][told]
日本語： 子供の時に母は知らない人を話しないと言っていました。
English: Now, she says "Don't speak to strange women".
Jenglish: [now][she][strange][women][don't speak][says]
日本語： 今、彼女は「知らない女の人を話しません」と言っています。
またね。。。
Oh yeah... for non-English readers, the Potentially Pete Tong Rating is named after one of the world's great DJ's Pete Tong. Pete Tong is also Cockney Rhyming slang for 'wrong' and you often here the phrase "It's all gone a bit Pete Tong" meaning that something has not gone to plan.
As we know, the Japanese verb for 'talk' is 言う. However, in order to ensure that there is no confusion as to the fact that you are quoting someone, we put the quoting particle と in front of this. Also, if you quote someone, what they said actually occurred in the past, so the whole thing becomes ーと言った. If only that were it...
However it's not. A lot more common is the use of ーと言っている and ーと言っていった. So I guess the big question is when do you use each of the three options?
- ーと言った - This nice, simple form is used when conveying a fact that has no direct impact on the listener. Also, this simple form is usually used when quoting somethin g you yourself have previously said. If used to quote someone else, it can soound a little childish.
- ーと言っていった - can be used to convey one of three bits of information: whatever is being quoted (1) has a direct impact on the listener (2), was said (a number of times) of a period of time and (3) was said by a third person. It can be translated literally as "has been saying" and as such impies that whatever is being quoted doesn't necessarily have strong links to the present.
- ーと言っている - can be used to convey one of three bits of information: whatever is being quoted (1) has a direct impact on the listener (2), was said (a number of times) of a period of time and (3) was said by a third person. It can be translated literally as "is saying" and as such implies the quote has some strong connection to the present.
A direct quote will look something like this:
[person being quoted] は 「quote」 と言っている。
While an indirect 'quoting sentence' will look something like this:
[person being quoted] は [quote (short form)] と言っている。
One thing to note is that in indirect quotes the quoted part should be in short form, so either base 1 (for negative tense), base 3 (for present) and base 7 (for past). Let's try it out...
English: She said that the film she saw last week was interesting.
Jenglish: [she][last week][saw][film][intersting][said]
日本語： 彼女は先週見た映画が面白かったと言っていました。
English: He says I will not pass the exam.
Jenglish: [he][I][exam][not pass][said]
日本語： 彼は私が試験を合格しないと言っています。
English: When I was a child, my mother told me not to speak to strangers.
Jenglish: [child][when][mother][strangers][not speak][told]
日本語： 子供の時に母は知らない人を話しないと言っていました。
English: Now, she says "Don't speak to strange women".
Jenglish: [now][she][strange][women][don't speak][says]
日本語： 今、彼女は「知らない女の人を話しません」と言っています。
またね。。。
Oh yeah... for non-English readers, the Potentially Pete Tong Rating is named after one of the world's great DJ's Pete Tong. Pete Tong is also Cockney Rhyming slang for 'wrong' and you often here the phrase "It's all gone a bit Pete Tong" meaning that something has not gone to plan.
Wednesday, April 26, 2006
Probably & maybe...
A nice simple one today, but since we've just covered presumptive auxiliaries, this seems to be a good choice to wrap it up. Today, we'll unlock the mysteries of how to say 'probably' and 'maybe', 'perhaps' and 'might' in Japanese.
Actually, there are just two conjugations we're going to look at, so let's get them out of the way before going any further.
Probably
To say something probably is or probably was, simply take the base 3 (for present) or base 1 (for past) of the verb and stick でしょう on the end. That's it.
Maybe, Perhaps & Might
Just as easy as 'probably', but we take the short form of the verb and add かもしれません or かもしれない, depending on whether you want to be polite or casual.
(added 2006-08-26) かもしれない can also be added to nouns and adjectives too. To do this simply take the plain form of the noun or adjective; in the case of な adjectives, simply drop the な.
The difference between the two is relatively straight-forward: both are used to indicate uncertainty about some fact, but with でしょう you think that whatever you are suggesting is likely to be the case. With かもしれません you don't know either way. Whatever you are saying may be right, or it may be wrong.
Come one, let's give it a go!
English: I will probably fall asleep soon because I am tired.
Jenglish: [tired][because][soon][fall asleep][probably]
日本語： 疲れているから、すぎに寝入るでしょう。
寝入る ＝ ね・い・る ＝ to fall asleep
English: If she studies hard, she may pass the exam.
Jenglish: [she][studies][if][exam][pass+may]
日本語： 彼女は勉強したら、試験を合格するかもしれない。
合格する ＝ ごう・かく・する ＝ to pass an exam, test, etc...
またね。。。
Actually, there are just two conjugations we're going to look at, so let's get them out of the way before going any further.
Probably
To say something probably is or probably was, simply take the base 3 (for present) or base 1 (for past) of the verb and stick でしょう on the end. That's it.
Maybe, Perhaps & Might
Just as easy as 'probably', but we take the short form of the verb and add かもしれません or かもしれない, depending on whether you want to be polite or casual.
(added 2006-08-26) かもしれない can also be added to nouns and adjectives too. To do this simply take the plain form of the noun or adjective; in the case of な adjectives, simply drop the な.
The difference between the two is relatively straight-forward: both are used to indicate uncertainty about some fact, but with でしょう you think that whatever you are suggesting is likely to be the case. With かもしれません you don't know either way. Whatever you are saying may be right, or it may be wrong.
Come one, let's give it a go!
English: I will probably fall asleep soon because I am tired.
Jenglish: [tired][because][soon][fall asleep][probably]
日本語： 疲れているから、すぎに寝入るでしょう。
寝入る ＝ ね・い・る ＝ to fall asleep
English: If she studies hard, she may pass the exam.
Jenglish: [she][studies][if][exam][pass+may]
日本語： 彼女は勉強したら、試験を合格するかもしれない。
合格する ＝ ごう・かく・する ＝ to pass an exam, test, etc...
またね。。。
Tuesday, April 25, 2006
Looks like, seems, appears to be & more....
Rule #1 - Always make sure your laptop battery is plugged in when you unplug from the mains. I had already written 90% of this update when I had a blonde moment...
Today's update looks at the wonderful world of presumptive auxiliaries - the grammatical class that conveys hearsay and opinions. So, this covers 'looks like', 'seems', 'I hear' and so on. Over the past couple of years, I been taught a number of ways to convey this is Japanese and frankly, I really didn't understand how and when each should be used. So I decided to sit down and sort it out.
There are four ways in Japanese I have come across that can be used to convey information that is presumed:
To convey presumed information gained from an external source, use either そうです or らしい. らしい is a more casual way of communicating this and as such frequently used without です. Both of these follow the short form of a verb, so bases 1 (negative), 3 (dictionary) and 7 (past) can be used.
To convey presumed information derived from your own senses or reasoning, use ようです. Again, this follows the short form of a verb.
And that leaves みたい. This can follow the short form of a verb and indicates that the information is presumed, but does not indicate whether you have come to the presumption yourself, or gained the information from others. Again, this is frequently used without です as it is seen as pretty casual. みたい can also follow a noun and essentially means that noun 'looks like' something. If you watch Japanese drama, you'll hear ばかみたい！an awful lot.
Let's nihongo...
English: It looks like it will rain
Jenglish: [rain][fall][looks]
日本語1: 雨が降るそうです
日本語2： 雨が降るらしい
日本語3： 雨が降るようです
日本語4： 雨が降るみたい
We can translate these better as:
1. I hear that it will rain. (formal)
2. I hear that it will rain. (more casual)
3. It looks like it will rain.
4. It looks like/seems it will rain.
And that's it. Simpler than cracking the DaVinci code and more useful.
またね。。。
Today's update looks at the wonderful world of presumptive auxiliaries - the grammatical class that conveys hearsay and opinions. So, this covers 'looks like', 'seems', 'I hear' and so on. Over the past couple of years, I been taught a number of ways to convey this is Japanese and frankly, I really didn't understand how and when each should be used. So I decided to sit down and sort it out.
There are four ways in Japanese I have come across that can be used to convey information that is presumed:
- みたい (です)
- ようです
- らしい (です)
- そうです
To convey presumed information gained from an external source, use either そうです or らしい. らしい is a more casual way of communicating this and as such frequently used without です. Both of these follow the short form of a verb, so bases 1 (negative), 3 (dictionary) and 7 (past) can be used.
To convey presumed information derived from your own senses or reasoning, use ようです. Again, this follows the short form of a verb.
And that leaves みたい. This can follow the short form of a verb and indicates that the information is presumed, but does not indicate whether you have come to the presumption yourself, or gained the information from others. Again, this is frequently used without です as it is seen as pretty casual. みたい can also follow a noun and essentially means that noun 'looks like' something. If you watch Japanese drama, you'll hear ばかみたい！an awful lot.
Let's nihongo...
English: It looks like it will rain
Jenglish: [rain][fall][looks]
日本語1: 雨が降るそうです
日本語2： 雨が降るらしい
日本語3： 雨が降るようです
日本語4： 雨が降るみたい
We can translate these better as:
1. I hear that it will rain. (formal)
2. I hear that it will rain. (more casual)
3. It looks like it will rain.
4. It looks like/seems it will rain.
And that's it. Simpler than cracking the DaVinci code and more useful.
またね。。。
Sunday, April 23, 2006
Can...
Well, a nice simple one for today. I say simple, but it's oh-so-handy and I'm forever using it. Today we'll revise how turn verbs into their potential form, or in other words, how to say "I can...".
A few examples to kick off:
1. I can read kana, but I can't read kanji.
2. I think I can pass the exam.
3. I can't eat bananas.
Now the nice thing is that this is a pretty simple conjugation, as follows:
例えば：
English: I can read kana, but I can't read kanji.
Jenglish: [I][kana][read+can][but][kanji][read+can't]
日本語: 私は仮名を読めますが漢字を読めません。
仮名 = か・な
English: I think I can pass the exam.
Jenglish: [I][exam][pass][think]
日本語: 私は試験を合格できると思う。
English: When I went to the restaurant, I couldn't eat the fish.
Jenglish: [restaurant][went][when][fish][eat+couldn't]
日本語： レストランに行った時魚を食べられませんでした。
Simple. Useful. Sorted.
またね。。。
A few examples to kick off:
1. I can read kana, but I can't read kanji.
2. I think I can pass the exam.
3. I can't eat bananas.
Now the nice thing is that this is a pretty simple conjugation, as follows:
- ーる verbs, drop ーる and add ーられる
- ーう verbs, drop ーう and add ーえる
- する becomes できる
- くる becomes こられる
例えば：
English: I can read kana, but I can't read kanji.
Jenglish: [I][kana][read+can][but][kanji][read+can't]
日本語: 私は仮名を読めますが漢字を読めません。
仮名 = か・な
English: I think I can pass the exam.
Jenglish: [I][exam][pass][think]
日本語: 私は試験を合格できると思う。
English: When I went to the restaurant, I couldn't eat the fish.
Jenglish: [restaurant][went][when][fish][eat+couldn't]
日本語： レストランに行った時魚を食べられませんでした。
Simple. Useful. Sorted.
またね。。。
Saturday, April 22, 2006
Despite, In Spite Of & Regardless
A while ago we looked at the use of 'but' to link two statements that had opposite meanings. We discovered that there were several words that could be used, depending on politeness and whether they either started a sentence or came between two clauses.
Today, we're going to expand on that by adding the concepts of 'despite', 'regardless of' and 'in spite of'. As if life weren't complicated enough, Japanese offers a few ways to convey these concepts, but here we'll look at three methods, all JLPT2 (oooo, aren't we getting a bit advanced :-)). They are:
Despite & In Spite Of
First, an example of this could be useful:
1. The restaurant was expensive but the food was good.
2. The restaurant was cheap but the food was good.
These two sentences actually convey separate meanings. In the first sentence we get the impression of 'in line with expectations' whereas in the second sentence we get the impression of 'contrary to expectations'. Let's rewrite them adding a bit...
1. The restaurant was expensive but, in it's defense, the food was good.
2. The restaurant was cheap but, despite this, the food was good.
See the difference?
As far as I can tell, both のに and にもかかわらず have essentially the same meaning. They link two factual clauses and grammatically state "Despite [clause A], [clause B]. Think of our second 'restaurant' sentence above - "Despite [the fact that the restaurant was cheap], [the food was good].
Regardless Of
The third method is にかかわらず. This is probably best translated as 'regardless of'. Maybe an example?
1. Tokyo is always busy, despite which day it is.
2. Tokyo is always busy, regardless of which day it is.
The first sentence really doesn't feel right, does it?
So, just how do you use these in a real Japanese sentence?
のに
にもかかわらず & にかかわらず
例えば：
English: The restaurant was cheap but, despite this, the food was good.
Jenglish: [restaurant][cheap][despite][food][good]
日本語： レストランは安価なのに、料理は美味しかったです。
日本語： レストランは安価にもかかわらす、料理は美味しかったです。
English: Tokyo is always busy, despite which day it is.
Jenglish: [day of week][despite][Tokyo][always busy]
日本語： 曜日にかかわらず、東京はいつもにぎやくです。
またね。。。
Today, we're going to expand on that by adding the concepts of 'despite', 'regardless of' and 'in spite of'. As if life weren't complicated enough, Japanese offers a few ways to convey these concepts, but here we'll look at three methods, all JLPT2 (oooo, aren't we getting a bit advanced :-)). They are:
- のに
- にもかかわらず
- にかかわらず
Despite & In Spite Of
First, an example of this could be useful:
1. The restaurant was expensive but the food was good.
2. The restaurant was cheap but the food was good.
These two sentences actually convey separate meanings. In the first sentence we get the impression of 'in line with expectations' whereas in the second sentence we get the impression of 'contrary to expectations'. Let's rewrite them adding a bit...
1. The restaurant was expensive but, in it's defense, the food was good.
2. The restaurant was cheap but, despite this, the food was good.
See the difference?
As far as I can tell, both のに and にもかかわらず have essentially the same meaning. They link two factual clauses and grammatically state "Despite [clause A], [clause B]. Think of our second 'restaurant' sentence above - "Despite [the fact that the restaurant was cheap], [the food was good].
Regardless Of
The third method is にかかわらず. This is probably best translated as 'regardless of'. Maybe an example?
1. Tokyo is always busy, despite which day it is.
2. Tokyo is always busy, regardless of which day it is.
The first sentence really doesn't feel right, does it?
So, just how do you use these in a real Japanese sentence?
のに
- [verb clause (b1, b3, b7)] のに [clause B]
- [adjective clause (ーい)] のに [clause B]
- [adjective clause (ーな)] のに [clause B]
- [noun clause] のに [clause B]
にもかかわらず & にかかわらず
- [verb clause (b1, b3, b7)] にもかかわらず [clause B]
- [adjective clause (ーい)] にもかかわらず [clause B]
- [adjective clause (ーな)] にもかかわらず [clause B]
- [noun clause] にもかかわらず [clause B]
例えば：
English: The restaurant was cheap but, despite this, the food was good.
Jenglish: [restaurant][cheap][despite][food][good]
日本語： レストランは安価なのに、料理は美味しかったです。
日本語： レストランは安価にもかかわらす、料理は美味しかったです。
English: Tokyo is always busy, despite which day it is.
Jenglish: [day of week][despite][Tokyo][always busy]
日本語： 曜日にかかわらず、東京はいつもにぎやくです。
またね。。。
Friday, April 21, 2006
To Make & Made To...
Yes, today we'll have a look at what posh people call 'causitive actions'. Causitives describe situations where an action is performed because of an external influence exerting pressure. Causitives sentences can either be from the point-of-view (POV) of the person (or entity) exerting the pressure or from the POV of the person (or entity) being made to do the thing. Let's have a look at some English examples first:
The First Type
First, we'll look at the it from the POV of the person doing the making. The structure is:
[the person doing the making] は [the person being made] に [verb clause]。
There is also some verb conjugation going on as follows:
English: The union made it's member's go on strike.
Jenglish: [union][member's][strike+made]
日本語： 労働組合は会員にストライキをさせました。
union = 労働組合 = ろう・どう・くみ・あい
member = 会員 = かい・いん
English: His girlfriend made him buy her flowers.
Jenglish: [His girlfriend][flowers][buy+made]
日本語： 彼のガールフレンドは彼に花を買わせました。
The Second Type
Next, we look at the other point-of-view:
[the person being made] は [the person doing the making] に [verb clause]。
Again, there is some conjugation going on:
English: The teacher made me finish my homework in class.
Jenglish: [me][teacher][class][in][homework][finish+made]
日本語： 私は先生に授業に宿題を完成させられました。
to finish (complete) = 完成する = かん・せい
English: As a child my parents made me clean my teeth three times a day.
Jenglish: [as a child][me][parents][teeth][3 times a day][clean+made]
日本語： 子供の時、私は両親に歯を一日に３回みがかされました。
Enjoy!
またね。。。
- The union made it's member's go on strike.
- His girlfriend made him buy her flowers.
- The teacher made me finish my homework in class.
- As a child my parents made me clean my teeth three times a day.
The First Type
First, we'll look at the it from the POV of the person doing the making. The structure is:
[the person doing the making] は [the person being made] に [verb clause]。
There is also some verb conjugation going on as follows:
- For ーる verbs, drop the final ーる and add ーさせる
- For ーう verbs, drop the final ーう and add ーわせる
- For all other ーう verbs, drop the final ーう and add ーあせる
- する becomes させる
- くる becomes こさせる
English: The union made it's member's go on strike.
Jenglish: [union][member's][strike+made]
日本語： 労働組合は会員にストライキをさせました。
union = 労働組合 = ろう・どう・くみ・あい
member = 会員 = かい・いん
English: His girlfriend made him buy her flowers.
Jenglish: [His girlfriend][flowers][buy+made]
日本語： 彼のガールフレンドは彼に花を買わせました。
The Second Type
Next, we look at the other point-of-view:
[the person being made] は [the person doing the making] に [verb clause]。
Again, there is some conjugation going on:
- For ーる verbs, drop the final ーる and add ーさせられる
- For ーう verbs, drop and add ーわされる
- For ーすverbs, drop ーう and add ーあせられる
- For the other ーう verbs, drop the final ーう and add ーあせれる
- する becomes させられる
- くる becomes こさせられる
English: The teacher made me finish my homework in class.
Jenglish: [me][teacher][class][in][homework][finish+made]
日本語： 私は先生に授業に宿題を完成させられました。
to finish (complete) = 完成する = かん・せい
English: As a child my parents made me clean my teeth three times a day.
Jenglish: [as a child][me][parents][teeth][3 times a day][clean+made]
日本語： 子供の時、私は両親に歯を一日に３回みがかされました。
Enjoy!
またね。。。
Thursday, April 20, 2006
Called...
OK, after a long break due to some serious work commitments I now have more time to update the blog...
A quick one to look at is the grammatical structure demonstrated below:
A brother called Fred.
A film called King Kong/The film King Kong.
A pop group by the name of Coldplay.
In essence, this structure gives the name of a specific example of something. The Japanese structure is [specific entity] という [item class]. So putting the examples the above into context we get:
English: I believe he has a younger brother called Fred.
Jenglish: [He][Fred][called][younger brother][believe]
日本語： 彼はフレードという弟があると信じる。
English: Last week I went to see the film King Kong
Jenglish: [Last week][King Kong][called][film][see + went]
日本語： 先週「キングコング」という映画を見に行った。
English: Do you know an English pop group called Coldplay?
Jenglish: [Coldplay][called][English pop group][know]
日本語： 「コロドプラー」というポップ・グループを知っているか。
Oh yeah, my katakana sucks, so please correct it if it's wrong.
またね。。。
A quick one to look at is the grammatical structure demonstrated below:
A brother called Fred.
A film called King Kong/The film King Kong.
A pop group by the name of Coldplay.
In essence, this structure gives the name of a specific example of something. The Japanese structure is [specific entity] という [item class]. So putting the examples the above into context we get:
English: I believe he has a younger brother called Fred.
Jenglish: [He][Fred][called][younger brother][believe]
日本語： 彼はフレードという弟があると信じる。
English: Last week I went to see the film King Kong
Jenglish: [Last week][King Kong][called][film][see + went]
日本語： 先週「キングコング」という映画を見に行った。
English: Do you know an English pop group called Coldplay?
Jenglish: [Coldplay][called][English pop group][know]
日本語： 「コロドプラー」というポップ・グループを知っているか。
Oh yeah, my katakana sucks, so please correct it if it's wrong.
またね。。。
Subscribe to the RSS Feed